Choosing the right Enedis connection capacity is a key step for any business looking to optimise its electricity consumption and costs. An accurate assessment of your needs helps to avoid the inconveniences associated with under-sizing, such as power cuts, or unnecessary additional costs incurred by an overly high subscription. This guide will enlighten you on the different aspects of Enedis connection capacity and how to find the optimal sizing for your business.

Key Points to Remember about Enedis Connection Capacity

• Enedis connection capacity represents the maximum electricity capacity your installation can draw from the grid. It is distinct from the subscribed capacity with your supplier, although related.
• Under-sizing can cause breakdowns and performance drops, while over-sizing leads to higher subscription and maintenance costs than necessary.
• For photovoltaic installations, it is often wise not to exceed the inverter’s capacity, or even to slightly under-size it to avoid curtailment, by comparing production losses to financial gains.
• The procedures for adjusting your connection capacity generally involve your energy supplier, with Enedis intervening for the necessary technical modifications.
• Optimising consumption also involves using energy-efficient equipment, intelligent appliance programming, and raising staff awareness of energy issues.

Understanding Enedis connection capacity

Enedis connection capacity represents the maximum capacity that the electricity grid can supply to a given installation. It is a key element defined by the distribution network operator to size the necessary infrastructure. It is important to distinguish this capacity from the one you subscribe to with your electricity supplier, as they do not correspond to exactly the same concept.

Definition of connection capacity

Connection capacity, often referred to as ‘Pracc’, is the capacity that Enedis takes into account to characterise and size the electricity grid. It serves as the basis for planning and managing distribution infrastructure. It determines the maximum capacity that the grid is designed to support for your site. It is therefore a fundamental technical data point for adapting networks to current and future needs, and this applies to both existing installations and new connection projects. Enedis uses this capacity to size the network that will be built or adapted to your needs, based on capacity standards [a180].

Distinction between connection capacity and subscribed capacity

It is common to confuse connection capacity with subscribed capacity. Subscribed capacity is the one you choose in your contract with your energy supplier. It determines the amount of your subscription and the billing of your consumption. Connection capacity, on the other hand, is technical data used by Enedis to size the network. The two can be different. For example, it has been observed that the sum of the subscribed capacities of consumption installations represents only about 45% of their connection capacity. This difference highlights the importance of precise sizing to avoid unnecessary overcapacity on the network [4798].

Units of measurement for connection capacity

Electrical power is generally expressed in kilowatts (kW) or kilovolt-amperes (kVA). In the context of connection, these units are used to quantify the network’s capacity. For example, an installation may have a connection capacity of 36 kVA, meaning the network is sized to supply it with this maximum amount of energy. It is also useful to know the peak power, which corresponds to the maximum power that photovoltaic modules can produce in direct current under ideal conditions (1000 W/m², 25°C). The unit is then the kilowatt-peak (kWp).

It is important to note that connection capacity is a technical value that ensures the network’s ability to supply your site. It is distinct from the capacity you subscribe to with your supplier, which directly impacts your electricity bill. A good understanding of these two concepts is necessary for optimal management of your energy supply.

The importance of optimal sizing

Choosing the right electrical capacity for your business is not just a formality; it’s a decision that has direct repercussions on your activity and finances. Poorly thought-out sizing can quickly become a hindrance, or even a source of costly problems. It’s about finding the right balance so that your installation operates smoothly, while controlling your expenses.

Impact of under-sizing on installations

When the subscribed electrical capacity is too low compared to your actual needs, the consequences can be serious. You risk untimely power cuts, as the circuit breaker will trip as soon as several appliances operate simultaneously. This can not only disrupt your production or services but also damage your equipment in the long run. Imagine a production line stopping for no apparent reason, or machines overheating. This kind of situation harms productivity and the reliability of your equipment. It is therefore essential to properly assess your needs to avoid these inconveniences. A good assessment ensures that the electrical network can support the demand of all your appliances, even during peak usage. This is a key aspect for the sustainability of your business and the safety of your employees. Consider consulting the information on capacities for installations to better understand the thresholds.

Consequences of over-sizing on costs

Conversely, opting for an electrical capacity significantly higher than what you actually need leads to unnecessary additional costs. You pay a higher monthly subscription, based on a capacity you don’t fully utilise. These additional charges, even if they seem small at first, quickly accumulate and weigh on your budget. Furthermore, a higher subscription can sometimes lead to higher taxes or maintenance fees. It’s a bit like buying a lorry to transport a single letterbox every day: it’s disproportionate and costly. You need to find a balance, allowing a small margin for unforeseen circumstances, but without going to excess. Prudent management of your electrical capacity allows you to make substantial savings that can be reinvested elsewhere in your business.

Optimisation of electricity grid capacities

Precise sizing of the connection capacity also contributes to better overall management of the electricity grid. By subscribing to only the necessary capacity, you avoid excessively straining the grid during peak demand. This contributes to the stability and efficiency of the entire electrical system. It is an approach that promotes a more rational use of energy resources. Moreover, good planning of your capacity can facilitate the future integration of new technologies or an increase in your needs without requiring costly modifications to the grid. Network operators, such as Enedis, are working to adapt infrastructure, and thoughtful sizing is part of this optimisation logic. The connection procedures are also designed to adapt to these evolving needs.

Determining the appropriate connection capacity

Choosing the right connection capacity for your business is a key step. An accurate assessment of your current and future energy needs is necessary to avoid problems related to under-sizing or the unnecessary costs of over-sizing. It’s about finding the right balance so that your installation operates optimally and economically. A thorough analysis of your equipment and its electricity consumption is therefore essential. Think about all the appliances you use, from the smallest to the most energy-intensive, and their simultaneous operation. This will help you better understand the overall demand of your site. To assist you in this process, simulation tools exist and can greatly facilitate the calculation of the necessary capacity. Do not hesitate to consult available resources to guide you, such as those explaining how to calculate the capacity for your Linky meter. A good estimate will allow you to make a fair connection request adapted to your situation.

Analysis of the company’s energy needs

To determine the appropriate connection capacity, you must start with a detailed analysis of your company’s electricity consumption. This involves listing all electrical appliances used, noting their nominal power and frequency of use. It is also important to consider potential consumption peaks, i.e., times when several appliances are operating simultaneously. A methodical approach helps to avoid unpleasant surprises. For example, a small office will not have the same needs as a production workshop or a business with refrigeration equipment. Future developments, such as the addition of new equipment or an increase in activity, must be anticipated.

Taking into account equipment and its consumption

Each piece of electrical equipment has a specific energy footprint. It is therefore essential to draw up a complete inventory of everything that is plugged in and used on your premises. For each appliance, note its maximum operating power. Then, add up all these powers. Don’t forget to add a safety margin, generally a minimum of 10%, to cover unforeseen consumption peaks. For example, a shop may require between 6 and 9 kVA, but if refrigeration equipment is present, the demand can climb to 12-18 kVA. Large retail spaces can even reach 36 kVA or more. For an accurate assessment, it is often recommended to call on a professional for an energy audit.

Simulation and decision-making tools

To refine your choice, several tools can help you. Online simulators, often offered by energy suppliers or specialised organisations, allow you to estimate the necessary capacity based on your equipment and activity. These tools take into account various parameters to give you a more reliable estimate. It is also possible to consult webinars or practical guides that detail the steps for choosing the right capacities and identifying the technical challenges of connection. For example, understanding the role of inverter power is important, especially if you are considering a photovoltaic installation. A good simulation will help you make a connection request that matches your real needs, thus avoiding superfluous costs or power limitations. The goal is to find a balance between network capacity and your actual needs, much like for sizing a solar installation for a house which depends on your consumption.

It is important not to underestimate the impact of a poor estimate. Under-sizing can lead to untimely power cuts or prevent your equipment from functioning correctly, while over-sizing results in higher subscription costs than necessary. A rigorous analysis is therefore the first step towards effective energy management.

Specifics of photovoltaic installations

The choice of connection capacity for a photovoltaic installation primarily depends on the cumulative power of the inverters. It is not relevant to request a connection capacity greater than what your inverter(s) can actually inject into the grid. Generally, the connection capacity to declare is at most at the level of the inverter’s power, or less if the peak power of the modules is lower. Some manufacturers recommend installing inverters that are slightly undersized compared to the modules’ peak power, particularly because sunshine in France rarely allows this theoretical value to be reached.

The phenomenon of photovoltaic production curtailment

Curtailment occurs when the maximum potential production of the panels is not transmitted to the grid, because the declared connection capacity or the inverter’s capacity limits the injection of electricity. In practice, this means that the inverter regulates its output to stay within the fixed limit, sometimes by adjusting the operating voltages of the modules. This process limits production peaks during exceptional sunshine conditions but does not affect daily production most of the time.

Examples of curtailment impacts:

• Slightly reduced annual production (a few %)
• Temporary reduction in revenue from energy sales
• Reduced need for initial investment in the grid

Advantage of declaring a lower connection capacity

In some cases, it may be strategic to voluntarily limit the injected power. This allows:

• To benefit from a lower connection cost
• To facilitate obtaining connection approval in areas with limited capacity
• To comply with certain regulatory eligibility thresholds for specific tariff schemes (criteria of the October 2021 tariff decree)

Limiting the connection capacity can sometimes represent a pragmatic solution to maximise the overall profitability of a photovoltaic project, especially if the production losses remain marginal compared to the savings generated.

Here is a simplified comparative table:

Strategy	Technical Impact	Economic Impact	Regulatory Constraints
Connection capacity = inverter	Maximum system utilisation	Standard connection cost	Access to classic tariffs
Connection capacity < inverter	Slight loss of production	Reduced connection cost	Access to certain schemes or simplified procedures

Properly sizing and declaring the connection capacity therefore means choosing the right balance between yield, administrative simplicity, and investment costs.

Regulatory developments and public consultation

The regulatory landscape concerning electricity connections is constantly evolving, aiming to better adapt networks to new uses and renewable energies. The French Energy Regulatory Commission (CRE) plays a key role in this process by regularly launching public consultations. These consultations allow stakeholders in the sector, including businesses, to give their opinion on proposed modifications to connection conditions.

CRE initiatives for network adaptation

The CRE recently initiated consultations on crucial aspects of network management. One of them, for example, concerned the possibility for network operators to modify the connection capacity of users. It was found that, in many cases, the power actually used by installations is significantly lower than the connection capacity initially defined. For medium voltage connections, this difference can reach approximately 55%. This optimisation of network sizing is essential to meet the increasing demand for connections and the growing electrification of uses. The objective is to make network capacities more flexible and better utilised.

Impact of consultations on connection conditions

Public consultations, such as the CRE’s on ancillary services of network operators, have a direct impact on the tariff and technical conditions of connections. They allow feedback from the field to be taken into account and rules to be adjusted to be more relevant. For example, discussions focus on costs related to meter changes or analyses of electricity supply quality. These adjustments aim to simplify administrative procedures and promote better anticipation of necessary works, particularly for the connection of photovoltaic installations.

Towards more flexible network sizing

Legislation is also evolving to facilitate the integration of renewable energies. The law aimed at accelerating renewable energy production strengthens the planning and anticipation of network developments. Concepts such as the

Procedures for adjusting connection capacity

Modifying the connection capacity of your professional electrical installation can be a necessary step following a change in your needs or an initial miscalculation. It is important to follow a clear procedure to ensure that this modification is carried out correctly and without unnecessary service interruption.

Modification procedure with the energy supplier

The first step to adjust your connection capacity is to contact your current electricity supplier. You will need to inform them of your wish to increase or decrease the subscribed capacity. Your supplier will analyse your request and provide you with a quote. This process may sometimes involve a technical feasibility assessment. If the modification can be carried out remotely, for example on a Linky meter, the process is generally quick. It is essential to clearly communicate your new needs to obtain a suitable proposal.

Enedis’ role in technical interventions

In some cases, adjusting the connection capacity requires a physical intervention on the network. This is particularly the case when installing in new premises or when significant modifications to the electrical installation are necessary. This is where Enedis, the distribution network operator, comes in. Enedis is responsible for technical work on the network to adapt the available capacity to your needs. The energy supplier then acts as an intermediary to coordinate this intervention.

Adapting capacity following new needs

Adapting the connection capacity is a proactive step to align your installation with your actual consumption. For example, if your business expands and you add new machinery or electrify some of your processes, an increase in capacity may be essential. Conversely, if you optimise your consumption or reduce your activity, a decrease can be considered to reduce your subscription costs. It is advisable to carry out an analysis of your current and future energy needs to determine the most appropriate capacity. A poor estimate can lead to additional costs or operational limitations. It is sometimes useful to consult the simulation tools available to better understand the impacts of these changes.

It is important to note that the declared connection capacity does not necessarily have to correspond to the maximum capacity you use, but rather to the maximum capacity you wish to be able to draw from the network. Underestimation can lead to untimely power cuts, while overestimation results in higher subscription costs than necessary.

Optimising professional electricity consumption

For a business, controlling its electricity consumption has become a major issue, especially with evolving energy costs. Prudent management of subscribed electrical capacity not only reduces expenses but also ensures the sustainability and efficiency of installations.

Use of low-consumption equipment

Adopting more energy-efficient equipment represents a first concrete step to optimise your consumption. This includes switching to LED lighting, which consumes up to five times less than traditional bulbs, or choosing household appliances and professional equipment with the best energy ratings. These choices, although representing an initial investment, result in substantial long-term savings and better overall efficiency. It is also relevant to consider preventive maintenance of your equipment to ensure its proper functioning and avoid any overconsumption due to premature wear.

Appliance programming and automation

Intelligent programming of your appliances can generate significant gains. This involves operating the most energy-intensive equipment during off-peak hours, when the cost per kWh is lower. Automation, for example via Building Management Systems (BMS), allows you to program usage time slots or automatic standby. This avoids unnecessary operation of appliances outside working hours or during periods of low activity. The integration of intelligent lighting modes, which adjust light intensity based on presence or natural light, also contributes to this optimisation.

Staff training on energy issues

The involvement of your teams is an often underestimated lever for action. Raising your staff’s awareness of good energy consumption practices can have a notable impact. This can involve short training sessions explaining the importance of switching off lights and appliances at the end of the day, the correct use of heating and air conditioning systems, or the importance of not leaving appliances on standby unnecessarily. A better understanding of energy issues by everyone promotes the adoption of more economical behaviours in daily life. It is important to carefully analyse your needs to choose the appropriate capacity, as incorrect sizing can have significant financial consequences. For example, a local shop will not have the same needs as a large supermarket, even if they operate in the same business sector. Calculating the required capacity in kVA is a key step, where 1000 kW is equivalent to 1 kVA. If your machines require 15,000 kW, it is advisable to subscribe to a 16,000 kW contract to have a safety margin. For very small businesses, a standard capacity of 6 to 9 kVA is often sufficient, corresponding to the Tarif Bleu. SMEs and large companies, on the other hand, require tailor-made options, with capacities that can exceed 250 kVA, formerly known as Tarif Vert. It is also possible to perform an online meter capacity simulation to estimate your needs based on the size of your home and your consumption habits. The connection cost of a photovoltaic installation, for example, will depend on its capacity and the complexity of the technical work to be carried out, a factor to be taken into account in the overall budget of your solar project. A well-defined connection capacity is essential for the integration of your solar panels, as it directly influences your installation’s ability to inject the electricity produced into the grid. The calculation of peak power, expressed in kilowatt-peak (kWp), is a fundamental measure for correctly sizing your photovoltaic system and optimising the return on investment of your solar project.

Understanding the different electrical capacities

It is essential to clearly distinguish between the various concepts of electrical capacity to choose the right connection and avoid unpleasant surprises. These capacities, although related, do not refer to the same thing, and a poor understanding of them can lead to additional costs or malfunctions.

Peak power, often mentioned in the context of photovoltaic installations, represents the maximum power that equipment, such as a solar panel or an inverter, can produce under ideal laboratory conditions (temperature, sunshine). It is therefore not a guaranteed power under real operating conditions. It is generally expressed in kilowatt-peak (kWp).

Electrical power primarily comes in two forms: active power and apparent power.

• Active Power (P): This is the power actually consumed by appliances to perform useful work (heat, light, movement). It is expressed in kilowatts (kW).
• Apparent Power (S): This is the total power that the grid must supply to power equipment. It takes into account active power and reactive power (necessary for the operation of certain equipment such as motors). It is expressed in kilovolt-amperes (kVA).

In a simple installation, without reactive power consumption, active power and apparent power are identical. However, for businesses using inductive equipment, apparent power is greater than active power. The choice of connection capacity is generally made in kVA, as this value determines the maximum capacity of the electrical circuit and therefore the rating of the circuit breaker.

The sizing of your electrical installation must take into account the apparent power to ensure stable operation and avoid any overload of the network.

In the context of a photovoltaic installation, the inverter’s power plays a key role. The inverter converts the direct current produced by the solar panels into alternating current usable by electrical appliances. Its nominal power, expressed in kilowatts (kW) for active power or kilovolt-amperes (kVA) for apparent power, determines the maximum amount of electricity that the system can inject into the grid or consume on site. If the production of the solar panels exceeds the inverter’s capacity, the excess production is lost, a phenomenon called ‘curtailment’. It is therefore important to match the inverter’s power with the desired connection capacity and consumption needs to optimise your installation.

Here is a simplified comparative table:

Power Type	Unit	Description
Peak Power (Panels)	kWp	Theoretical maximum power under ideal conditions
Active Power (Consumption)	kW	Power actually used for useful work
Apparent Power (Connection)	kVA	Total power supplied by the grid, including reactive power
Inverter Power	kW or kVA	Maximum conversion and injection/consumption capacity

Understanding these different capacities is an important step for any business wishing to adjust or request a modification of its connection capacity from Enedis, a process that involves specific procedures with your energy supplier and technical interventions for implementation.

Tariffs and options for professional capacities

Choosing the right electrical capacity for your business isn’t just a matter of contract; it’s also about costs and flexibility. Businesses generally have a choice between two main approaches for their electricity supply: a fixed-price subscription or a variable-capacity option. Each has its advantages and financial implications.

Choice between fixed and variable subscription

The fixed-price option offers a certain predictability. If your business has constant energy needs throughout the year, and you prefer simple, surprise-free billing, this is a path to consider. That said, if your needs fluctuate, particularly depending on seasons or specific activity peaks, a variable-capacity offer could be more advantageous. It adjusts better to your actual consumption, thus avoiding paying for capacity you don’t constantly need. It’s important to thoroughly analyse your consumption patterns to make the right choice.

Impact of tariffs on subscription cost

The capacity you subscribe to has a direct impact on the cost of your subscription. The higher the capacity, the more expensive your subscription will be. You therefore need to find a balance: too low a capacity will lead to disconnections and service interruptions, harming your productivity, while too high a capacity will represent an unnecessary additional cost. A poor estimate can be costly, whether through penalties or superfluous expenses. It’s also worth knowing that taxes and contributions associated with your electricity contract are often calculated based on the subscribed capacity.

Former terminology for electricity tariffs

Although the names have evolved, it is still common to hear about old tariffs such as Tarif Bleu, Tarif Jaune, and Tarif Vert. These terms designated capacity ranges: Tarif Bleu concerned capacities less than or equal to 36 kVA, Tarif Jaune applied to capacities between 36 and 250 kVA, and Tarif Vert covered capacities greater than 250 kVA. Understanding these old distinctions can help to better grasp current offers and associated needs. For example, a small business or workshop might fall within the ‘Tarif Bleu’ range, while a medium-sized factory would fall within the ‘Tarif Jaune’ range. For larger industrial needs, the ‘Tarif Vert’ range applied. These categories provided an indication of the type of network and associated services, and even if they are no longer official, they help to navigate the different connection offers available from Enedis.

It is essential to conduct a thorough analysis of your current and future energy needs to select the most appropriate capacity. Consultation with your energy supplier or an expert can help you avoid the costly pitfalls of incorrect sizing.

Accelerating connections to renewable energies

The government is pulling out all the stops to ensure that renewable energy installations can connect to the grid faster. It’s a priority, and it shows: the connected capacity by Enedis has significantly increased in recent years. For low voltage, lead times have gone from several months to about one month, which is a huge improvement. But beware, some large projects are still slowed down by more significant work on the grid, such as the construction of new substations. To address this, Enedis is developing ‘Express’ substations that halve construction times, thanks to a simpler, pre-assembled design. They are also testing the ‘Reflex’ project to better size these substations. The general idea is to make the best use of what already exists on the grid to connect more renewable energy capacities, even if it means that production will sometimes be slightly limited temporarily. This is what is called optimal sizing. Another measure is the early connection offer which helps small projects, especially in rural areas, to get off the ground more easily. The March 2023 law also helps to better plan and anticipate the necessary work for the grid, based on regional connection schemes. All of this aims to make the process smoother and support the growth of green energies. It can be said that adapting network infrastructure is a major undertaking, and efforts are being made to improve network infrastructure.

Government actions to reduce delays

The government has clearly understood that the speed of connections is key to the development of renewable energies. Several concrete actions are being implemented to streamline the process. For example, we see the development of ‘Express’ substations which aim to halve construction time through techniques such as modularity and pre-assembly. In parallel, projects like ‘Reflex’ are studying how to optimise the sizing of existing substations. The objective is to be able to connect more renewable energy capacities without necessarily redoing the entire installation, by accepting occasional production limitations. This is an approach that seeks to maximise the use of current network capacities. Furthermore, an early connection offer has been launched to unblock small projects, particularly in rural areas, by using the technique of occasional curtailment for high-voltage projects. The March 2023 law also plays an important role by allowing better planning and anticipation of network work, by strengthening regional connection schemes. These measures show a clear desire to accelerate progress.

Improvement of network infrastructure

For renewable energies to connect more easily, the electricity grid must be up to scratch. That’s why Enedis is actively working to modernise and strengthen its infrastructure. This major project, which began in 2022 and is planned until 2040, aims to make the network more resilient and capable of accommodating decentralised energy production. The idea is to be able to connect more projects without causing problems, by adapting the network to growing needs. This involves investments in substations, which are critical points in the network, and by optimising existing lines. The objective is to create a more efficient and flexible network, capable of managing energy flows from various sources. It is a long-term effort, but essential for the energy transition. We can consult the strategies put in place to accelerate the connection of renewable sources.

The concept of optimal sizing for RE integration

Optimal sizing is a bit like the art of doing more with less, especially when it comes to connecting renewable energies. Instead of systematically over-sizing the network for each new project, the aim is to make the best use of existing capacities. Concretely, this means that network operators can connect more renewable energy capacity to existing installations, without necessarily undertaking major additional work. In return, there may be times when production is voluntarily limited, which is called curtailment. This is an approach that saves time and money, while facilitating the integration of green energies. It also prevents significant network capacities from remaining unused for a large part of the time. It is a smarter and more flexible way to manage the electricity grid to meet the growing demand for connection from renewable energy producers. For example, we see that the capacity subscribed by consumers is often only a fraction of the connection capacity, hence the interest in this optimisation.

Optimising network sizing is a key strategy to facilitate the integration of renewable energies, by maximising the use of existing infrastructure and reducing connection times and costs.

It’s easier than ever to connect to green energy. We want to help everyone use cleaner energy sources. If you’d like to learn more about how we can help you go solar, visit our website today!

Conclusion: Towards optimal sizing and informed management

In summary, choosing the right Enedis connection capacity is a bit like picking the right shoe size: neither too tight nor too loose. We’ve seen that underestimating your needs can cause technical problems and performance drops, while over-sizing costs unnecessarily. The current trend, driven by consultations like that of the CRE, is towards a better match between the requested capacity and the capacity actually used. This allows for network optimisation and cost reduction for everyone. Remember to properly assess your needs, look at inverters for photovoltaic systems, and don’t hesitate to use the available tools and guides. A thoughtful approach will ensure a more efficient and economical installation in the long run.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Enedis connection capacity?

Connection capacity is like telling Enedis the maximum amount of electricity your installation can use or send back to the grid at any given moment. It’s a limit not to be exceeded for everything to work properly.

What is the difference between connection capacity and subscribed capacity?

Connection capacity is what you request from Enedis as maximum capacity. Subscribed capacity is what you choose in your contract with your electricity supplier. Often, they are the same, but not always.

Why is it important to choose the right connection capacity?

If you choose too low a capacity, your appliances may not work correctly or may trip. If you choose too high a capacity, you will pay more than necessary for electricity you won’t use.

How do I know what connection capacity to choose for my business?

You need to look at all the appliances you use and when you use them. Add up what they consume simultaneously. Simulators exist to help you estimate your real needs.

What happens if my connection capacity is too low for my solar panels?

If your solar panels produce more electricity than your connection capacity allows, part of that production will be blocked (this is called curtailment). This can reduce the amount of electricity you can sell or use.

Can I change my connection capacity if my needs change?

Yes, it is entirely possible. You need to contact your electricity supplier who will handle the request with Enedis. Depending on the case, a technical intervention might be necessary.

What is peak power for solar panels?

Peak power is the maximum power your solar panels can produce under ideal conditions (lots of sun, good temperature). It’s a theoretical measurement; actual production is often a little lower.

What is photovoltaic production curtailment?

Curtailment is when the production of your solar panels is voluntarily limited, often by adjusting the inverter. This can be done to request a lower connection capacity and potentially reduce costs, even if it slightly decreases production.